The escalating unrest in Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir (PoJK) has drawn significant international attention, particularly at the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC).
This unrest, marked by widespread protests and violent clashes, has led to numerous casualties and injuries, highlighting deep-seated grievances among the local population.
Background of the Protests
The protests were initiated by the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JKJAAC), a coalition representing various political and civil society groups.
Their 38-point charter of demands includes calls for the abolition of reserved seats in the PoJK Assembly for refugees, the reduction of privileges for the political elite, and the implementation of economic reforms to alleviate the hardships faced by the local population.
These demands stem from long-standing issues such as economic deprivation, lack of political representation, and systemic neglect by the authorities.
Escalation of Violence
What began as a peaceful shutdown strike on September 29, 2025, quickly escalated into violent confrontations between protesters and security forces.
Reports indicate that at least 12 individuals have been killed, including both civilians and police officers, with over 100 others injured during the unrest.
The violence has led to widespread shutdowns in Muzaffarabad and other districts, with shops, schools, and public transport services coming to a halt.
The government has responded by deploying additional security forces and imposing a communications blackout to suppress the protests.
International Reactions
The situation in PoJK has garnered international attention, with the UNHRC expressing concern over the human rights violations reported in the region.
Human rights organizations have condemned the use of excessive force by security forces and called for an independent investigation into the incidents. India has also criticized Pakistan’s actions, describing the crackdown as a natural consequence of its oppressive policies in the region.
The Indian government has reiterated its stance that PoJK is under illegal occupation and has called for international accountability regarding the reported brutalities against civilians.
Government’s Response
In an effort to quell the unrest, the Pakistan government has engaged in negotiations with the JKJAAC. As of October 4, 2025, an agreement has been reached on 25 of the 38 demands outlined by the committee.
The agreed-upon reforms include infrastructure development, trade improvements, and measures to address economic disparities. The government has also pledged compensation for those injured during the protests and promised government jobs to the families of the deceased.
The ongoing unrest in PoJK underscores the urgent need for comprehensive political and economic reforms to address the legitimate grievances of the local population.
While the recent agreement between the Pakistan government and the JKJAAC marks a step toward resolving the crisis, sustained efforts are required to ensure the implementation of the agreed reforms and to restore peace and stability in the region.
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